Public accountability
Governments must develop and publish annual and multi-year early learning and child care (ELCC) plans, and report publicly on progress. The plans must be updated based on lessons learned and evolving ELCC needs and context.
Effective public accountability is an integral part of a solid ELCC system
A quality child care system built through the significant expenditure of public funds demands effective public accountability. Robust public accountability requires:
- Publicly available plans, with specific targets and benchmarks for quality, affordability, inclusion, and accessibility;
- Annual public reports comparing actual results to plans, and explaining significant variances;
- Clear, comprehensive public reporting standards to ensure accessible, relevant, timely, consistent, comparable data and information, including, but not limited to, data on parent fees, compensation of early childhood educators, rates of coverage, rates of inclusion, access according to household income, race, Indigenous identity, geographic location, and other factors;
- A defined role for legislators to receive, review, clarify, and question reports and data, and the opportunity for legislators to hear evidence from government and non-government witnesses;
- Meaningful and government-supported citizen engagement in the development of ELCC goals, plans, and monitoring of results;
- Audited public financial reports, to add credibility and increase public confidence.

Does reporting on results make a difference?
Library of Parliament of Canada, government document, Feb 2019. Canada
Does public reporting measure up? Federalism, accountability and child-care policy in Canada
Canadian Public Administration, journal article, Sep 2010. Canada
Why does accountability matter for democracy?
YouTube, video, Oct 2015. International
Making the connections: Using public reporting to track the progress on child care services in Canada
Child Care Advocacy Association of Canada, report, Nov 2007. Canada
Democratic accountability and contextualised systemic evaluation
International Critical Childhood Policy Studies, journal article, Dec 2016. International